A Descriptive Study to assess the level of Knowledge regarding Rota Virus Vaccine for Prevention of Diarrhea among Mothers of Underfive Children in Rural Community of Mehsana District

 

Ms. Janki Patel

Assistant Professor, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Tal-Visnagar, Dist-Mehsana (Gujarat) 384120

 

ABSTRACT:

Background - Children are an embodiment of our dream. They are the most vulnerable group in the society. So children need special care to survive with good health. Children are most susceptible to disease for a number of reasons. Researchers have made great studies in controlling many child hood disease. Vaccine, in particular have saved thousands of young lives and with proper use. Aims and Objective- To assess the level of knowledge regarding Rota virus vaccine, To findout the association between knowledge score with selected demographic variables. Material and Methods- The data were collected from 60 Mothers of under five children by purposive sampling techniques with the use structured questionnaire and descriptive design was used. Result- mothers of under five children’s having adequate knowledge 53.4%, moderate 35%, and inadequate 11.6% regarding Rota virus vaccine for prevention of diarrhea and there was no significant association found between knowledge scores and demographic variables Conclusion- The major conclusion drawn from this study was that highest percentage 53.4% mothers of under five children had adequate knowledge regarding rotavirus vaccine for prevention of diarrhea.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

“Children are the wealth of Tomorrow Lake care of them, if you wish to have strong India, every day meets various challenges”

Diarrhea is a major public health problem in developing countries. An estimated 1.8 billion episodes of diarrhea occur each year and 3 million children under the age of 5 years die of diarrhea, 80% of these deaths affect children under the age of 2 years.  The episodes are generally associated with other infectious disease, making treatment and prevention more difficult. The total diarrhea morbidity for a given child may be as high as 1/3^rd of its first 2 years of life. Overall children are ill with diarrhea for 10% to 20% of their first 3years of life.²

As for as south east Asia Region is concerned, the household surveys carried out during 1994 to 1995 show that in under five year children diarrhea episodes ranged from 0.7 to 3.9 episodes per child per year.³

 

In India diarrheal disease is a major public health problem among children under the age of 5 years. In health institutions, up to a third of total pediatric admissions are due to diarrheal disease and up to 17 percent of all deaths in indoor pediatric patients are diarrhea related. The household survey conducted during 1994 shows that the morbidity rate in terms of diarrhoea episodes per year per child under five years is about 1.7.⁴

The rotavirus (first discovered in 1973) has emerged as the single most important cause of diarrhea in infants and children. Studies in south India indicate that 22 to 66 percent of hospitalized cases of diarrhea with rotaviruses. Viruses are probably responsible for about one-half of all diarrhoeal cases in children aged up to 2 years.⁵

 

Rotavirus is a horrible stomach virus that causes severe diarrhea, and dehydration. Over 50,000 kids get hospitalized in the United States every year due to this bug. Almost all kids get this infection, but it is most severe in infants and in under five children.

 

Rotaviruses are the major etiological agents causing diarrhea in infants and young children. A recent review estimates that more than 600000 deaths occur annually in children under the age of 5 years due to rotavirus infection, with a majority of these deaths occurring in developing countries.⁶

 

The result of the study conducted on caregiver knowledge, attitude and practices regarding childhood diarrhea and dehydration shown the low knowledge scores among caregivers about the prevention and treatment of diarrhea and dehydration (odds ratio [OR], 3.7; 95% confidence interval 1.6 – 8.8) and the study concluded that these finding highlight a need to enhance educational efforts that will empower caregivers to protect their children from diarrhea associated morbidity and mortality.⁷

 

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

“A Descriptive Study to Assess the Level of Knowledge Regarding Rotavirus Vaccine for Prevention of Diarrhea Among Mothers of Under five Children In Rural Community of Mehsana District.”

 

OBJECTIVES:

1.     To assess the level of knowledge regarding Rota virus vaccine.

2.     To find out the association between knowledge score with selected demographic variables.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

The data were collected from 60 mothers of under five children by purposive sampling techniques and descriptive design was used. A structured questionnaire (closed ended) was selected to assess the knowledge regarding Rotavirus Vaccine for Prevention of Diarrhea .

 

MAJOR FINDINGS:

Highest percentages (31.6%) mothers were in the age group of 30-33 years. Majority (36.6%) of mothers were graduate. Majority (51.6%) of mothers were house wife. highest percentage (86.6%) of mothers was Hindu. Highest percentage of (51.6%) of mothers is having two children.

 

 

Figure 1: Distribution of Knowledge Regarding Rota Virus Vaccine

 

The data in table 1 shows that the mothers of under five children having adequate knowledge 53.4%, moderate 35%, and inadequate 11.6% regarding Rota virus vaccine for prevention of diarrhea.

 

 

 

 

Table 1: Knowledge score of mothers of under five children.

Area of knowledge	Inadequate		Moderate		Adequate
	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
Knowledge of Rotavirus vaccine	7	11.6%	21	35%	32	53.4%

 

 

 

Table 2 Association between knowledge scores with selected demographic variables.

 0.05 level of significance

 

The data in Table 2 shows that there was no significant association between the knowledge scores with selected demographic variables.

 

CONCLUSION:

The study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding rotavirus vaccine for prevention of diarrhea among the mothers of under five children. In the present study 60 mothers were selected using purposive sampling techniques. The major conclusion drawn from this study was that highest percentage 53.4% mothers of under five children had adequate knowledge regarding rotavirus vaccine for prevention of diarrhea.

 

REFERENCES:

1.        Children’s health. On line article. Available from http://www.him.nig. gov/medlineplus/childrenhealth.html.

2.        WHO (1999), Health Sitution in the south – east Asia Region 1994 – 1997, Regional office of SEAR, New Delhi.

3.        K. Park. Text book of preventive and social medicine. 18^th edition, Banarsidas Bhanot: 184.

4.        Govt of India (1994), National Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Programme, MCH Division. Department of Family Welfare, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi. Bulletin Board WHO (1993)61:252.

5.        Parashar, U.D., C.J. Gibson, etal, Rotavirus and sever childhood diarrehea. Emerg.Infect.Dis.2006; 12:304-306.

6.        Bacharch LR, Gardner JM. Caregiver knowledge, attitude and practice regarding childhood diarrhea and dehydration. Rev panam Salud publica. 2002 Jul; 12(1): 37-44.

7.        Vanderlei LC, Silva GA. Acute diarrhea: does mothers knowledge of the disease reduce admission of children under two years of age?. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2004 Jul-Sep; 50(3): 276-81.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Received on 14.09.2017          Modified on 23.11.2017

Accepted on 28.01.2018       ©A&V Publications All right reserved